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Navigating the future of logistics in sub-Saharan Africa: opportunities and challenges

The potential for logistics in Sub-Saharan Africa is immense. With a population exceeding one billion and a rapidly growing middle class, consumer demand for goods and services is on the rise. According to the African Development Bank, the continent’s GDP is expected to grow by 3.4% in 2024, driven by increased consumer spending and improved business climates in key economies.

Initiatives like the African Continental Free Trade Area (AfCFTA) aim to boost intra-African trade by reducing tariffs and streamlining customs procedures. This agreement, covering 54 African countries, is creating a single market of 1.2 billion people with a combined GDP of over $3 trillion, offering unprecedented opportunities for growth. Investors are increasingly exploring opportunities in Africa across sectors such as energy, mining, construction, and logistics.

As the global transition to renewable energy accelerates, Africa further has the potential to become a key hub for both renewable energy and critical minerals. The continent is rich in critical minerals vital for manufacturing renewable energy sources and possesses untapped natural gas fields. Effective integration of strategic logistics solutions is essential to fully unlock this economic potential.

The opportunities and challenges that lie ahead for logistics in Africa present a unique landscape for growth and innovation. However, to harness this potential, we must address the inherent challenges with foresight and strategic planning.

Opportunities abound

The logistics sector in Africa is poised for significant advances due to several key factors.
Firstly, the continent's infrastructure development is gaining momentum, with numerous investments targeting roads, railways, and ports to enhance connectivity. Improved transport networks will facilitate smoother distribution channels, allowing businesses to thrive.

The rise of e-commerce in Africa is transforming the way goods are traded, creating a burgeoning demand for efficient logistics services. As more consumers turn to online shopping, companies must adapt their logistics strategies to support rapid delivery models.

The adoption of technology in logistics—ranging from advanced tracking systems to automation—offers the potential for increased efficiency and reduced costs.

Lastly, as African countries continue to embrace renewable energy solutions, there's an opportunity for sustainable logistics practices to emerge, aligning with global efforts to combat climate change.

Collectively, these opportunities signal a transformative era for the logistics landscape in Africa.

Challenges to overcome

Despite these opportunities, the logistics sector in Sub-Saharan Africa faces significant hurdles.
One of the primary challenges foreign investors face in Africa is the underdeveloped infrastructure for logistics. The World Bank reports that less than 30% of the continent’s roads are paved, which exacerbates the costs and complexities of moving goods. This shortfall hinders the economically viable import and export of essential strategic goods and minerals needed to establish new markets and infrastructure.

While large international corporations have recently made substantial investments across the continent, it is crucial for African nations to focus on upgrading and repairing existing supply chain assets, such as roads, railways, ports, and warehouses to enhance their capacity to attract further foreign investment.

High logistics costs, exacerbated by inefficient port processes and a lack of digital solutions, remain a primary concern. Moreover, regulatory hurdles continue to impede the seamless flow of goods across the region. Inconsistent customs regulations and lengthy clearance times can lead to delays and increased costs, impacting the overall efficiency of supply chains.

Inefficient port processes are critical nodes in the logistics network, and many African ports suffer from inefficiencies that lead to delays and increased costs. Modernising port infrastructure, implementing advanced management systems such as automated container handling, and real-time tracking could significantly enhance port efficiency. Additionally, while the potential of digital technologies is vast, their current adoption in Sub-Saharan Africa is slow, necessitating investments in technology and digital literacy to overcome these challenges.

A strategic approach

At DACHSER South Africa, we understand these challenges and are committed to providing intelligent logistics solutions that cater to the unique needs of the Sub-Saharan market. Our approach leverages technology and a deep understanding of the local market. We offer customised services such as air and ocean freight, contract logistics, and warehousing solutions tailored to specific industry needs. For instance, our expertise in automotive and healthcare logistics allows us to support these critical sectors with precision and reliability.

Information security is a cornerstone of our operations. We have obtained TISAX® Level 2 certification, ensuring that our logistics processes meet the highest standards of data protection. This commitment to security helps safeguard our clients' supply chains and builds trust in our capabilities. Sustainability is also a key focus for DACHSER. We are actively working to reduce our carbon footprint through investments in energy-efficient technologies and more sustainable transport solutions. Since 2022, Dachser has been purchasing 100% green energy on a global level.  By promoting eco-friendly practices, we aim to lead the charge towards a more sustainable logistics future in Africa.

The future of logistics in Sub-Saharan Africa is bright, but realising its full potential requires a concerted effort to overcome existing challenges. By harnessing the region's opportunities and addressing its hurdles with innovative solutions, we're confident in our ability to drive growth and efficiency in this dynamic market as we work with our clients to navigate the complexities of the logistics landscape and unlock new avenues for success in Africa. The AfCFTA and regional cooperation will be vital in this transformation, connecting African markets and enhancing global competitiveness. Now is the time for businesses to invest in Sub-Saharan Africa; the potential for growth and development is immense, and with the right strategies in place, the region can become a global logistics powerhouse.

DACHSER secures long-term air freight capacity

DACHSER Air & Sea Logistics is extending its charter program on the route between Shanghai and Frankfurt to cover the period from May 2022 to April 2024. This enables the logistics provider to continue to offer its customers reliable transport capacity. DACHSER flies a widebody aircraft between Asia and Europe two days a week, transporting 33 metric tons at a time.

DACHSER’s charter program offers the company’s air freight customers additional capacity they can rely on in their planning—especially now that the trade lanes between Asia and Europe have been hit hard by the lockdown in Shanghai as well as the war in Ukraine and the accompanying sanctions. “Our customers’ demand for charter capacity remains as high as ever,” says Timo Stroh, Head of Global Air Freight at DACHSER. “That’s why we’ve created our own transport network with regular connections between Asia, Europe, and North America: to be able to offer flexible solutions here.”

An option in challenging times

Air freight is also feeling the effects that the current situation is having on the world markets. While capacity was already in short supply before the pandemic, the situation has deteriorated significantly in recent months. The closure of airspace due to the war in Ukraine makes flights about two and a half hours longer. This means they need to carry more fuel, the cost of which has gone up and the weight of which reduces the possible cargo load.

“Operating our own charter connections opens up options for capacity and gives us a degree of independence in terms of handling,” Stroh says. DACHSER’s air freight network is also closely linked to its European overland transport network, so customers benefit from end-to-end transportation of their air freight shipments between Europe and Asia. “Even in these turbulent economic times, we stand by our own charters, ensuring predictable transport capacity for our customers.”

DACHSER South Africa expands coastal cross-docking facilities

Cross-docking, where inbound cargo is unloaded from an incoming container, sorted and then loaded directly to outbound carriers, is an important logistics strategy that keeps supply chains moving in a productive, effective manner.  Logistics leader, DACHSER South Africa, has recently expanded its Durban operations to a new 3600sqm warehouse in Pinetown, Durban.

“The new off-loading and loading bays have increased our capacity to handle a number of containers at a time, enabling us to offer excellent turn-around times,” says Detlev Duve, DACHSER South Africa, Managing Director,  “The facility provides a dedicated central site for products to be sorted for delivery to multiple destinations in the most productive way, saving costs. Ultimately, our customers benefit from a more efficient supply chain.”

Deidre Smith, DACHSER Sea Freight Imports Manager,  says, “We’re able to consolidate shipments, or even break down larger shipments into smaller loads, for easier delivery. Storage and handling costs can be reduced as products spend less time in the warehouse. Cargo also typically reaches its final destination faster, giving our customers a competitive edge.”

Further to a spacious, well-equipped warehouse, Smith says that experienced staff and effective planning are the foundations of a successful operation. “Skilled staff are vital to the operation and management  of the warehouse.  From expert inventory control using Warehouse Management Systems,  through to our material handling equipment operators and cargo handling teams, we ensure that all our staff are well-trained and clear on the different goods and requirements of our customers.”
 

Smith explains that the goods that are most conducive to cross-docking are those that are in steady demand, usually higher volume, fast-moving products scheduled in regular dispatches to pre-planned destinations. DACHSER also has the experience to handle large or complex items. “Of course, the preferred cargo to handle is stackable, palletised cargo that fits neatly into racks can be easily transported, but we’ve become experts in handling the odd and awkward cargo too.  Taking care of customers cargo and avoiding damages is our top priority, and our Durban handling team has the experience to load the trucks safely and correctly.  We also ensure that the appropriate handling equipment is available when off-loading a container and manoeuvring the cargo around the warehouse.”  
 

The DACHSER team handles both Pre-Distribution, where goods are unloaded and despatched according to set distribution instructions, and Post-Distribution processes, usually for retailers, which entails flexible picking and packing according to demand, based on in-store inventory, sales forecasts and trends.

Duve says it is also essential to partner with reputable transporters that offer a regular and reliable service to move the goods from warehouse to customer door.    

“With all the right foundations in place, cross-docking has become part of the seamless supply chain solution DACHSER South Africa offers to our customers, which further includes contract logistics, value-added warehousing, customs clearance and customs warehousing services,” says Duve.

 About DACHSER:

A family-owned company headquartered in Kempten, Germany, DACHSER is a leading supplier of logistics services worldwide.

DACHSER offers comprehensive transport logistics, warehousing, and customer-specific services in two business fields: DACHSER Air & Sea Logistics and DACHSER Road Logistics. The latter consists of two business lines: DACHSER European Logistics and DACHSER Food Logistics. Comprehensive contract-logistics services and industry-specific solutions round out the company’s offerings. A seamless shipping network—both in Europe and overseas—and fully integrated IT systems ensure intelligent logistics solutions worldwide.

Thanks to some 30,995 employees at 393 locations all over the globe, DACHSER generated revenue of 5.66 billion euros in 2019. That same year, the logistics provider handled a total of 80.6 million shipments weighing 41. million metric tons. Country organizations represent DACHSER in 44 countries.